Abstract: Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites  produced by the toxigenic fungi in suitable environmental conditions,  the main toxicity of which are carcinogenesis, genotoxicity, teratogenesis, hepatotoxicity and immunosuppression. After fungal infects the cornea, it may release mycotoxins to cause corneal damage. However what roles do the mycotoxins play in fungal keratitis is still unclear.  The  biosynthesis of mycotoxinis is regulated by a series of related function genes; in addition, pH value, carbon nitrogen ratio and other environmental conditions are the influence factors as well. This article reviews the common  harms, regulatory factors and their possible roles in the occurrence and development of keratomycosis.  (Int Rev Ophthalmol, 2013, 37: 400-403)